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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hytrosaviridae
Henry M Kariithi1, Just M Vlak2, Johannes A Jehle3
1Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi 00200, Kenya.
The Journal of General Virology
|August 8, 2019
Summary
The Hytrosaviridae family comprises large, rod-shaped DNA viruses that infect flies, primarily in their salivary glands. Some Hytrosaviridae cause salivary gland hypertrophy and infertility in tsetse and houseflies.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Entomology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Hytrosaviridae are large, enveloped, dsDNA entomopathogenic viruses.
- They replicate in the salivary glands of adult dipteran flies.
- Two genera, Glossinavirus and Muscavirus, infect tsetse and houseflies, respectively.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) report on the Hytrosaviridae family.
- To detail the characteristics and classification of Hytrosaviridae.
- To outline the impact of Hytrosaviridae infections on host flies.
Main Methods:
- Review of the ICTV report on Hytrosaviridae.
- Analysis of viral morphology, genome size, and replication sites.
- Classification based on host specificity and infection presentation.
Main Results:
- Hytrosaviridae have dsDNA genomes (120-190 kbp) and are rod-shaped.
- Infections occur in salivary glands of dipteran flies.
- Glossinavirus (tsetse fly) infections can be overt or covert; Muscavirus (housefly) infections are overt.
- Overt infections lead to salivary gland hypertrophy and infertility.
Conclusions:
- Hytrosaviridae represent a distinct viral family with specific replication strategies.
- Classification into Glossinavirus and Muscavirus reflects host and infection characteristics.
- Overt hytrosavirus infections significantly impact fly populations through hypertrophy and infertility.
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