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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System01:26

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System

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The human digestive system is an intricate and essential network for nutrient absorption and waste elimination. It encompasses the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and several accessory organs.
Here's a detailed walkthrough of this complex system:
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Histology of the Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract01:20

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The GI tract, from beginning to end, is made up of four continuous tissue layers that adjust their structure according to their specific roles. These layers, from innermost to outermost, are known as the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa, which are continuous with the mesentery.
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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System I: Ingestion and Propulsion01:22

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The physiology of the gastrointestinal system begins with ingestion as food enters the mouth.
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Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System II: Digestion and Absorption01:22

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The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, extending from the mouth to the anus, plays a pivotal role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. This process involves both mechanical and chemical actions facilitated by various enzymes.
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Gastrointestinal involvement in systemic sclerosis: an update.

Zsuzsanna H McMahan1

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|August 8, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent research offers updates on systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related gastrointestinal disease. New findings cover risk factors, diagnosis, and the impact of GI issues on survival and quality of life in SSc patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Rheumatology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) gastrointestinal disease presents heterogeneous clinical challenges.
  • Understanding risk factors and diagnostic approaches is crucial for effective management.
  • Recent literature provides new insights into SSc-GI complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent updates in systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related gastrointestinal disease.
  • To highlight novel findings in risk factors, diagnosis, and disease assessment.
  • To discuss the impact of gastrointestinal involvement on SSc patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies published within the past year.
  • Analysis of research on risk factors, diagnostic methods, and disease activity in SSc-GI disease.
  • Synthesis of data concerning survival, quality of life, and specific SSc-GI complications.

Main Results:

  • Several studies identified new risk factors and improved diagnostic approaches for SSc-GI disease.
  • Progress has been made in assessing disease activity, survival, and quality of life.
  • New data emerged on the interplay between gastrointestinal and pulmonary disease, nutrition, and the microbiome in SSc.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and management of SSc-GI disease require consideration of its heterogeneity.
  • Objective gastrointestinal testing can identify subgroups and guide targeted therapies.
  • Early SSc survival is influenced by gastrointestinal involvement severity, necessitating careful management planning.