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Variation of bispectral index in children aged 1-12 years under propofol anesthesia: an observational study
Fang Wang1, Jianmin Zhang1, Jie Yu1
1Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
Insights
Bispectral Index (BIS) values in children aged 1–12 years under propofol anesthesia are age-dependent. Younger children (1–5 years) exhibited higher BIS values compared to older children (5–12 years).
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Medicine
- Neurophysiology
Background:
- Bispectral Index (BIS) monitoring is common in pediatric anesthesia.
- Limited research exists on BIS value variations by age in children under propofol.
- This study investigates the relationship between BIS and age in pediatric propofol anesthesia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the precise relationship between Bispectral Index (BIS) values and age in children aged 1 to 12 years.
- To analyze how BIS values change over time following propofol administration in different pediatric age groups.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study involving 165 children (aged 1–12 years) undergoing surgery.
- Children were divided into 11 age groups and received propofol anesthesia.
- BIS values were recorded at multiple time points post-injection, with statistical analysis using repeated measures ANOVA.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in BIS values were observed across time points and age groups (p < 0.01).
- Children aged 5–12 years showed lower BIS values than those aged 1–5 years from 50 to 240 seconds post-injection.
- Minimum BIS values at 60 seconds were 49±17 for 1–5 years and 35±14 for 5–12 years.
Conclusions:
- BIS values during propofol anesthesia are closely related to age in children.
- Pediatric patients can be broadly categorized into two age groups (1–5 years and 5–12 years) regarding BIS response.
- Older children (5–12 years) demonstrate lower BIS values than younger children (1–5 years) at equivalent time points.
Background:
The use of the bispectral index (BIS) is widespread in pediatric anesthesia, but few studies have attempted to perform a detailed evaluation of how BIS varies according to age in children under propofol anesthesia. This prospective study aimed to explore the exact relationship between BIS value and the age of 1- to 12-year-old children under propofol anesthesia.
Methods:
This study enrolled 165 children (1 < yr. ≤ 12), scheduled for surgery under anesthesia, and divided them into 11 age groups. Of the 165 participants, 157 completed the study protocol. All patients were anesthetized with propofol for over 30 s. An observation period of 4 min followed. BIS values were recorded at 0 (immediately after propofol injection), 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 s after the injection. BIS values at each time point corresponding to the 11 age groups were compared using repeated measures ANOVA.
Results:
BIS values significantly differed among the nine time points (p < 0.01) as well as among the different age groups (p < 0.01) after propofol administration. Post-hoc Bonferroni tests showed a difference in BIS values between groups 1-4 (1 < yr. ≤ 5) and groups 5-11(5 < yr. ≤ 12). BIS values were lower in the latter than in the former, from 50 to 240 s. The minimum BIS values in group 1 < yr. ≤ 5 and in group 5 < yr. ≤ 12 were recorded at 60 s as 49 ± 17 and 35 ± 14, respectively.
Conclusions:
During propofol anesthesia, the BIS values were closely related to age, which can be divided into two groups: 1 < yr. ≤ 5 and 5 < yr. ≤ 12. BIS values of the older age group were lower than those of the younger age group at the same time points.
Trial Registration:
Registration number: chictr-roc-16008630 . Registered on 12 June 2016. Retrospectively registered.
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