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[Pharmacogenetics of timolol].

L K Moshetova1, M M Soshina1, D A Sychev2

  • 1Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Department of Ophthalmology, 2/1 Barricadnaya St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 125993.

Vestnik Oftalmologii
|August 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Timolol maleate, a common glaucoma drug, can cause severe side effects due to widespread beta-adrenergic receptors. Personalized medicine approaches are needed to improve its efficacy and safety for patients.

Keywords:
cytochrome p450farmacogeneticsglaucomatimolol maleateβ-adrenergic blockers

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Beta-adrenergic blockers are primary treatments for glaucoma.
  • Timolol maleate is a widely used component in glaucoma medications.
  • Widespread distribution of beta-adrenergic receptors contributes to timolol maleate's systemic side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges associated with timolol maleate usage in glaucoma treatment.
  • To emphasize the need for personalized medicine in optimizing timolol maleate therapy.
  • To explore strategies for enhancing the safety and efficacy of timolol maleate.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing clinical data on timolol maleate.
  • Analysis of pharmacodynamic effects of beta-adrenergic blockers.
  • Discussion of personalized medicine principles in glaucoma management.

Main Results:

  • Timolol maleate's efficacy is influenced by individual patient characteristics.
  • Systemic side effects limit the tolerability and acceptance of timolol maleate.
  • Personalized dosing strategies can mitigate adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized medicine is crucial for safe and effective timolol maleate use in glaucoma.
  • Tailoring timolol maleate treatment to individual patients can improve outcomes and reduce costs.
  • Further research into personalized approaches for glaucoma pharmacotherapy is warranted.