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Using Comparative Genomics to Leverage Animal Models in the Identification of Cancer Genes. Examples in Prostate

Milton W Datta1, Mark A Suckow2, Simon Twigger3

  • 1Department of Pathology and Urology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia mdatta@emory.edu.

Cancer Genomics & Proteomics
|August 10, 2019
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Comparative genomics aids in identifying potential cancer biomarkers from animal models for tailored medical care. This approach helps discover genes linked to human prostate cancer, improving disease prediction and treatment strategies.

Keywords:
Cancer genesanimal modelscomparative genomicsprostate cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Genomics-based tailored medical care requires reliable cancer biomarkers for disease prediction and clinical outcome.
  • Animal models are valuable resources for identifying potential cancer biomarkers, especially for prostate cancer influenced by diet and environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate comparative genomics methods for identifying candidate genes in animal models associated with human prostate cancer.
  • To leverage bioinformatics tools for efficient identification of potential cancer biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized publicly available bioinformatics tools for comparative genomics.
  • Compared cancer-specific datasets, genomic sequencing data, and cross-species comparative maps.
  • Applied these methods to rat models of prostate cancer to identify candidate human genes.

Main Results:

  • Successfully identified candidate human prostate cancer genes using comparative genomics in rat models.
  • Demonstrated the utility of bioinformatics in comparing diverse genomic datasets.

Conclusions:

  • Comparative genomics offers a timely and efficient strategy for identifying candidate cancer biomarkers from animal models.
  • The identified genes can be screened for chemopreventive agent response and used to engineer improved animal models for human prostate cancer research.