Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
09:16
Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization Array CGH for Detection of Genomic Copy Number Variants
Published on: February 21, 2015
20.4K
Genomic Alterations in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors as Revealed by Conventional and Array-based Comparative
Selena R Granitto1, Prema Kolachana1, Cristina R Antonescu2
1Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10021, U.S.A.
Cancer Genomics & Proteomics
|August 10, 2019
Summary
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) genomic alterations were analyzed using Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH). This study identified chromosomal changes that may predict GIST prognosis and response to targeted therapies like Gleevec.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Genomics
Background:
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract.
- GIST is often unresponsive to chemotherapy, especially in advanced stages.
- Activating KIT or PDGFRA mutations are found in most GISTs, but resistance mechanisms are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify chromosomal sites of candidate genes in GIST.
- To correlate genomic alterations with clinical behavior and response to targeted therapy (Gleevec).
- To understand molecular genetic alterations in GIST tumorigenesis and resistance.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of six GIST samples using conventional and array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH).
- Identification of recurrent chromosomal abnormalities, including losses and gains.
- Delineation of specific chromosomal bands and sub-bands affected by these alterations.
Main Results:
- Common CGH abnormalities included loss of chromosome 14 (entire or partial), 1p, 9 (in metastatic tumors), 15, and 22.
- Gain of chromosome 3q was observed in three samples.
- Array-based CGH identified additional losses on chromosomes 6q and 13q, and refined regions of alteration.
Conclusions:
- Global genomic alterations in GIST provide insights into potential tumor suppressor genes.
- These findings may help predict GIST prognosis and response to targeted therapies.
- Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of identified genes in GIST pathogenesis and treatment outcomes.
More Related Videos
16:37Technical Demonstration of Whole Genome Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization
Published on: August 5, 2008
13.3K
09:32An Array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization Platform for Efficient Detection of Copy Number Variations in Fast Neutron-induced Medicago truncatula Mutants
Published on: November 8, 2017
8.2K
Related Concept Videos
02:16Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes
15.1K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
15.1K
02:02Genomics
39.8K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
39.8K
03:21Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes
9.0K
While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
9.0K
02:30Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
36.9K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
36.9K
00:46Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes
48.3K
The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
48.3K
00:58Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes
52.4K
Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
52.4K