Void space and long-term volumetric changes of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with comparison between hydroxyapatite soaked with bone morphogenetic protein 2 and anorganic bovine xenograft alone
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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Site-Directed Immobilization of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 to Solid Surfaces by Click Chemistry
Published on: March 29, 2018
Hoon Joo Yang1, Soon Jung Hwang2
1Orthognathic Surgery Center, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
Purpose:
We hypothesized that the void volume after maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) would be larger than that without rhBMP-2, and filled with bone in the long term. The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of void space and long-term volumetric changes after MSFA with rhBMP-2 and hydroxyapatite (BMP-2/H).
Material And Methods:
In 25 subjects, MSFA was performed with BMP-2/H (group I) or an anorganic bovine xenograft (group II). Computed tomography scans were taken twice, at 3 months (T1) and at least 24 months (T2) after surgery. Total volume (TV), bone volume (BV), and void volume (VV) were measured and analysed statistically.
Results:
While similar amounts of graft material were used, the TV was significantly larger in group I than in group II (p = 0.014). The VV showed a tendency to be larger in group I than in group II. VV reduction up to T2 was significantly greater in group I than in group II. Consequently, the BV at T2 was significantly greater in group I than in group II by 36% (p = 0.014).
Conclusion:
This study showed that our hypothesis was valid. rhBMP-2 is effective for long-term bone regeneration after MSFA.
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