Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
06:44
Vibrio cholerae: Model Organism to Study Bacterial Pathogenesis - Interview
Published on: May 28, 2007
7.9K
Epidemiology of cholera
Jacqueline Deen1, Martin A Mengel2, John D Clemens3
1Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines; Delivering Oral Vaccine Effectively (DOVE), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Vaccine
|August 10, 2019
Summary
Cholera remains a global public health issue, particularly in impoverished regions. Its epidemiology is evolving, with outbreaks linked to overcrowding and poor sanitation, necessitating ongoing public health interventions.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Cholera is an ancient disease with a significant global health impact.
- Seven cholera pandemics have been documented, with the seventh currently ongoing.
- Impoverished areas worldwide face ongoing public health challenges due to cholera.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the persistent threat of cholera as a public health problem.
- To underscore the factors contributing to cholera outbreaks.
- To emphasize the evolving nature of cholera epidemiology.
Main Methods:
- Review of historical cholera pandemic data.
- Analysis of factors contributing to disease outbreaks.
- Epidemiological assessment in affected regions.
Main Results:
- Cholera continues to be a major public health concern globally.
- Overcrowding, poverty, and inadequate water and sanitation facilities are key risk factors.
- The epidemiology of cholera is dynamic and varies across Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
Conclusions:
- Cholera remains a significant and evolving public health challenge.
- Addressing poverty and improving water and sanitation are critical for cholera control.
- Continued epidemiological surveillance is essential in affected continents.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Introduction to Epidemiology
1.7K
Epidemiology, known as the cornerstone of public health, involves studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in defined populations and applying these insights to control health issues. This is essential for understanding how diseases spread, identifying populations at greater risk, and implementing measures to control or prevent outbreaks. Epidemiology addresses not only infectious diseases but also non-communicable conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease,...
1.7K
01:21Causality in Epidemiology
1.5K
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
1.5K
01:20Study Designs in Epidemiology
915
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
915
01:27Confounding in Epidemiological Studies
598
Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This...
598
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
1.3K
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
1.3K
01:25Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
902
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
902