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Cognitive Therapy01:25

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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Functional Brain Changes During Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Associated With Tinnitus Severity.

Benjamin Zimmerman1,2, Megan Finnegan1,2,3, Subhadeep Paul4

  • 1Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|August 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Mindfulness therapy reduced tinnitus severity by altering brain connectivity. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed decreased connectivity in key brain networks, suggesting a potential imaging marker for treatment success in chronic tinnitus patients.

Keywords:
functional MRIgraph connectivity analysismindfulness-based cognitive therapyresting state MRItinnitus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Tinnitus is an incurable chronic condition with significant psychological impact.
  • Mindfulness-based therapies offer a potential avenue for managing tinnitus severity.
  • Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying tinnitus and its treatment is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures and tinnitus severity.
  • To assess changes in brain activity and connectivity following an 8-week mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) intervention.
  • To identify potential neuroimaging markers associated with treatment response in chronic tinnitus.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving twelve subjects with chronic tinnitus.
  • Utilized both task-based and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  • Assessed tinnitus severity using the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) at three time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Task-based fMRI showed no significant changes in activation or predictive value for TFI.
  • Resting-state fMRI revealed significant decreases in functional connectivity within the default mode network, cingulo-opercular network, and amygdala.
  • Resting-state connectivity involving the amygdala, dorsal attention network (DAN), and fronto-parietal network significantly predicted TFI.

Conclusions:

  • Mindfulness-based therapy appears to modulate specific brain networks in individuals with chronic tinnitus.
  • Resting-state fMRI, particularly connectivity with the amygdala and attention networks, shows promise as a neuroimaging marker for tinnitus severity and treatment response.
  • Decreased amygdala-parietal connectivity may indicate successful treatment outcomes.