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Staphylococcal Pericarditis Causing Pericardial Tamponade and Concurrent Empyema

Divya Kondapi1, Danny Markabawi1, Andrew Chu1

  • 1Suny Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams St., Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases
|August 10, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Bacterial pericarditis, often fatal, can arise from various infections. This case highlights successful treatment of Staphylococcus aureus pericarditis with empyema using antibiotics and percutaneous drainage.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Bacterial pericarditis is a rare condition with high mortality, often resulting from secondary infections.
  • It can stem from hematogenous spread, trauma, surgery, or contiguous infections.
  • Fulminant progression is characterized by sepsis, cardiac tamponade, and constriction.

Observation:

  • This report details a rare case of Staphylococcus aureus pericarditis occurring concurrently with unilateral empyema.
  • The patient presented with rapid development of cardiac tamponade.
  • The condition necessitated urgent intervention.

Findings:

  • Successful management was achieved through a combination of antibiotics and urgent percutaneous pericardial drainage with a temporary catheter.
  • Standard treatment duration for bacterial pericarditis is 4-6 weeks.
  • Early thoracic surgery consultation is crucial for assessing the need for intervention.

Implications:

  • Prompt diagnosis and intervention are vital for improving outcomes in bacterial pericarditis.
  • Percutaneous drainage can be effective but carries risks of incomplete drainage due to fibrin deposition.
  • Potential complications include persistent purulent pericarditis and constrictive pericarditis, underscoring the importance of surgical evaluation.

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