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Parallel Evolution of Complex Centipede Venoms Revealed by Comparative Proteotranscriptomic Analyses.

Ronald A Jenner1, Bjoern M von Reumont2,3,4, Lahcen I Campbell5

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|August 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Centipede venom composition is surprisingly diverse across its five orders, revealing a dynamic evolutionary history. This study provides the first comprehensive venom profiles for multiple centipede orders, highlighting significant toxin family variation.

Keywords:
centipedesproteomicstranscriptomicsvenom

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Area of Science:

  • Arthropod biology
  • Evolutionary toxicology
  • Comparative genomics

Background:

  • Centipedes are ancient venomous arthropods, but venom research is limited to one order.
  • Understanding centipede venom evolution requires a broader taxonomic scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comparative proteotranscriptomic analysis of centipede venoms across all five extant orders.
  • To reveal the structural diversity and evolutionary dynamics of centipede venom components.

Main Methods:

  • Proteotranscriptomic analysis of venom from representatives of all five centipede orders.
  • Phylogenetic analysis and ancestral state reconstruction of toxin families.

Main Results:

  • Discovered 93 phylogenetically distinct venom protein and peptide families, with astonishing structural diversity.
  • Identified significant venom composition variability, with 67 families unique to single orders.
  • Reconstructed venom evolution, showing an initial simple cocktail that diversified independently within each order.

Conclusions:

  • Centipede venom evolution is highly dynamic, characterized by frequent gene duplications, recruitments, and losses of toxin families.
  • Venom complexity increased independently within orders, with Scolopendromorpha showing particularly complex venoms.
  • Evolutionary plasticity in venom composition occurs frequently throughout centipede evolutionary history.