Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Ultrasound Based Assessment of Coronary Artery Flow and Coronary Flow Reserve Using the Pressure Overload Model in Mice
06:39

Ultrasound Based Assessment of Coronary Artery Flow and Coronary Flow Reserve Using the Pressure Overload Model in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2015

15.6K

Impact of baseline coronary flow and its distribution on fractional flow reserve prediction

Lucas O Müller1, Fredrik E Fossan1, Anders T Bråten2,3

  • 1Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
|August 10, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Estimating baseline coronary flow significantly impacts fractional flow reserve (FFR) predictions for stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Addressing stenosis geometry and drug effects is crucial for improving FFR accuracy.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Accurate diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) relies on fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements.
  • Model-based FFR prediction requires assumptions, notably the definition of baseline coronary flow.
  • Current methods for estimating baseline coronary flow vary, potentially affecting diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of different baseline coronary flow estimation methods on reduced-order model FFR predictions.
  • To assess the influence of these methods on the diagnostic performance for stable CAD.
  • To identify key factors limiting FFR prediction accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Improved and validated a reduced-order model against a 3D model for FFR prediction.
  • Applied and compared various literature methods for estimating and distributing baseline coronary flow.
  • Analyzed 105 invasive FFR measurements from 63 patients with suspected stable CAD.

Main Results:

  • The choice of baseline coronary flow estimation significantly impacted FFR predictions and diagnostic performance.
  • No tested method significantly reduced the standard deviation of prediction errors.
  • Inherent uncertainties in stenosis geometry and hyperemia induction drugs were identified as major limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Baseline coronary flow estimation is a critical factor in model-based FFR prediction for stable CAD.
  • Current methods do not sufficiently improve prediction accuracy.
  • Future advancements require addressing geometric uncertainties and the physiological effects of hyperemic agents.

Keywords:
coronary flowfractional flow reservereduced-order model

More Related Videos

Evaluation of Coronary Flow Reserve After Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats06:32

Evaluation of Coronary Flow Reserve After Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion in Rats

Published on: June 28, 2019

8.4K
Author Spotlight: Improved Localization and Monitoring of Coronary Flow Reserve Using Modified PLAX View in Mice05:07

Author Spotlight: Improved Localization and Monitoring of Coronary Flow Reserve Using Modified PLAX View in Mice

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.9K

Related Concept Videos

Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
37.5K
Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
75.6K
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
963
Laminar Flow01:27

Laminar Flow

Laminar flow represents a smooth, orderly fluid motion where particles move along parallel paths, resulting in minimal mixing between layers. Streamlined particle paths characterize this flow regime and occur under conditions where viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. The distinction between laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow is primarily determined by the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity calculated as:
2.2K
Flow Table Test01:12

Flow Table Test

The flow table test is an established method used to assess the workability of concrete, particularly useful for evaluating highly flowable concrete mixes. This test employs an apparatus that consists of a wooden board topped with a steel plate, collectively weighing 35 pounds. The board is connected to a base via a hinge and measures 27.6 inches on each side.
Concrete is placed within a truncated cone mold that is 8 inches high with an 8-inch base diameter and a 5-inch top diameter. The...
665
Flow Cytometry01:23

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
In...
15.8K