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Prebiotics: Mechanisms and Preventive Effects in Allergy
Carole Brosseau1, Amandine Selle1, Debra J Palmer2,3
1INRA Pays de la Loire, UR1268 Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies (BIA), rue de la géraudière, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes Cedex 01, France.
Nutrients
|August 11, 2019
Summary
Prebiotics, beneficial gut bacteria food, may prevent allergies by improving the gut barrier and immune system. This review explores their role in early life allergy prevention.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Allergic diseases affect over 30% of the population, especially children, necessitating early prevention strategies.
- Allergies are linked to environmental and lifestyle changes impacting microbiota, epithelial barriers, and immune systems.
- Dietary shifts influence microbiome development and metabolite profiles crucial for immune and barrier function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms and evidence for prebiotics in allergy prevention.
- To highlight the role of prebiotics in modulating host-microbe-immune interactions.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical and clinical studies on prebiotics and allergy.
- Analysis of mechanisms involving microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, and host cell interactions.
Main Results:
- Prebiotics act as substrates for beneficial bacteria, producing short-chain fatty acids.
- Prebiotics directly influence epithelial and immune cells, promoting a tolerogenic environment.
- Evidence from observational and experimental studies supports the hypothesis.
Conclusions:
- Prebiotics show promise for allergy prevention by optimizing gut health and immune responses.
- Targeting the microbiome with prebiotics is a key strategy for early life allergy prevention.
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