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Molar Mass01:54

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The identity of a substance is defined not only by the types of atoms or ions it contains but by the quantity of each type of atom or ion. For example, water, H2O, and hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, are alike in that their respective molecules are composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. However, because a hydrogen peroxide molecule contains two oxygen atoms, as opposed to the water molecule, which has only one, the two substances exhibit very different properties.
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Consider a neutral form of an amine, B, with a partition coefficient, K, in a liquid mixture containing organic and aqueous phases. The pH of the aqueous phase affects the charge on acidic and basic solutes, and the charged form is usually more soluble in the aqueous phase. Suppose the conjugate acid form of the amine is soluble only in the aqueous phase while the base form is soluble in both phases. Then the distribution coefficient, D, can be given as the ratio of amine concentration in the...
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The Establishment of a Murine Mandibular Molar Extraction Socket Healing Model
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Interceptive extractions for first permanent molars: a clinical protocol.

Paul Ashley1, Joe Noar2

  • 1University College London, Paediatric Dentistry, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London, UK. p.ashley@ucl.ac.uk.

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|August 11, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This clinical protocol aids decisions on managing compromised first permanent molars (FPM). It guides extraction considerations based on restoration needs, molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), and orthodontic plans, especially with third permanent molars (TPM) present.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Treatment Planning

Background:

  • Managing compromised first permanent molars (FPM) presents significant clinical challenges.
  • Early intervention and strategic planning are crucial for long-term oral health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a clinical protocol for decision-making regarding compromised first permanent molars (FPM).
  • To guide clinicians in evaluating the necessity and timing of FPM extraction.

Main Methods:

  • The protocol emphasizes careful assessment of FPM prognosis, ideally between 8-10 years of age.
  • It considers factors such as anticipated restoration size, molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), and planned orthodontic treatment.
  • The presence or absence of third permanent molars (TPM) is evaluated to influence extraction decisions.

Main Results:

  • Interceptive extraction of an FPM is recommended when extensive restoration is needed.
  • Extraction is also advised for FPMs affected by MIH or when orthodontic treatment necessitates tooth unit loss.
  • The timing of extraction is contingent on orthodontic treatment requirements.

Conclusions:

  • A structured approach to FPM management improves treatment planning and patient outcomes.
  • Considering factors like MIH, restoration needs, and orthodontic plans optimizes FPM treatment decisions.
  • The presence of TPMs can be a key factor in uncertain prognoses for FPMs.