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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
Published on: February 26, 2020
Performance Differences in Hindi and English Speaking Bilinguals on Stroop Task.
Kalyani Datta1, Naresh Nebhinani2, Abhinav Dixit3
1Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342005, India.
This study examined the Stroop Effect in Hindi-English bilinguals, finding a greater effect in English compared to Hindi. Language proficiency influences cognitive control and response times in bilingual individuals.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Psycholinguistics
- Bilingualism Research
Background:
- Bilinguals exhibit varied response times on Stroop tasks.
- Cognitive control and language proficiency are key factors influencing these differences.
- The Stroop Effect measures the impact of interference on cognitive processing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the Stroop Effect in Hindi-English bilinguals.
- To compare the magnitude of the Stroop Effect between Hindi and English language tasks.
- To explore the role of language proficiency in Stroop performance.
Main Methods:
- A computerized Stroop task was administered to 42 Hindi-English bilinguals.
- Participants completed both Hindi and English versions of the task.
- Language proficiency was assessed, with all participants more proficient in Hindi.
Main Results:
- A significantly greater Stroop Effect was observed in the English language condition compared to the Hindi language condition.
- Response times were more impacted by interference in English.
- This suggests differential cognitive control demands based on language proficiency.
Conclusions:
- Language proficiency plays a crucial role in modulating the Stroop Effect in bilinguals.
- Hindi-English bilinguals demonstrate stronger interference effects in their less proficient language (English).
- Findings contribute to understanding cognitive control mechanisms in bilingualism.
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