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What causes prescribing errors in children? Scoping review.

Richard L Conn1,2, Orla Kearney3, Mary P Tully4

  • 1Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Belfast, UK.

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|August 12, 2019
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Summary

Prescribing errors in children stem from unique factors like dosing, off-label use, and communication. Further research is needed to refine these findings and improve pediatric medication safety.

Keywords:
medical education and trainingpaediatricsqualitative researchtherapeutics

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pharmacology
  • Medication safety research
  • Evidence synthesis

Background:

  • Prescribing errors in children pose significant risks.
  • Understanding the root causes of these errors is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
  • Existing evidence on pediatric prescribing errors requires systematic synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize published evidence on the causes of prescribing errors in children.
  • To validate these findings with pediatric prescribing stakeholders and understand error mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley's framework.
  • Extensive literature search across multiple databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL) and grey literature.
  • Qualitative evidence synthesis and stakeholder consultation with a multidisciplinary focus group.

Main Results:

  • Sixty-eight articles were included in the review.
  • Six primary causes of prescribing errors in children were identified: individualised dosing/calculations, off-licence prescribing, medication formulations, communication, and experience.
  • A lack of primary evidence clarifying these causes was noted.

Conclusions:

  • Specific factors uniquely complicate pediatric prescribing, increasing error risk.
  • Primary research is recommended to confirm and elaborate on identified causes.
  • Provisional recommendations for policy, practice, and education are proposed based on current evidence.