Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

481
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
481
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

13.1K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
13.1K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

38.4K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
38.4K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

7.9K
7.9K
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

20.4K
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
20.4K
Aging01:26

Aging

624
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
624

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Association of apolipoprotein E variants on Alzheimer's disease in Latin America: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025
Same author

Clinical Manifestations.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025
Same author

Biomarkers.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025
Same author

Clinical Manifestations.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025
Same author

Public Health.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
06:08

Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

Published on: February 7, 2014

17.7K

The Panama Aging Research Initiative Longitudinal Study.

Alcibiades E Villarreal, Ambar R Pérez-Lao, Diana C Oviedo

    MEDICC Review
    |August 12, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    The Panama Aging Research Initiative studied 423 older adults, identifying risk factors for cognitive impairment and dementia. Future research focuses on validating biomarkers for early detection in aging populations.

    More Related Videos

    Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans
    11:57

    Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans

    Published on: November 26, 2017

    9.1K
    Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response
    06:06

    Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response

    Published on: November 10, 2023

    2.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

    Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
    06:08

    Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

    Published on: February 7, 2014

    17.7K
    Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans
    11:57

    Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans

    Published on: November 26, 2017

    9.1K
    Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response
    06:06

    Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response

    Published on: November 10, 2023

    2.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Neuroscience
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Cognitive impairment and dementia are significant health concerns in aging populations.
    • Limited data exists on risk factors for cognitive decline in Latin America.
    • The Panama Aging Research Initiative (PARI) was established to address this gap.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report on modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for cognitive impairment and dementia in Panamanian older adults.
    • To describe common health conditions, including chronic illnesses, polypharmacy, and comorbidity rates.
    • To outline the study design, lessons learned, and future research directions.

    Main Methods:

    • A cohort of 423 adults aged ≥65 years was recruited from a geriatric department.
    • Data collection included clinical interviews, physical assessments (BMI, handgrip), cognitive testing, and blood/cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (Apolipoprotein E genotype, Alzheimer's-related proteins).
    • Information on daily living limitations, depression symptoms, and falls was also gathered.

    Main Results:

    • The study provides initial reports on risk factors associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in this population.
    • It characterizes prevalent health conditions such as chronic illnesses and polypharmacy.
    • Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease were measured in a subsample.

    Conclusions:

    • The PARI study established a foundation for understanding aging-related cognitive health in Panama.
    • Lessons learned are guiding a new community-based study to validate blood-based biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
    • This research aims to improve early detection and risk factor identification for cognitive decline.