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Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
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Published on: May 31, 2016

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Mechanisms of mitral annular calcification

Daniele Massera1, Jorge R Kizer2, Marc R Dweck3

  • 1Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, 530 1st Ave, Skirball 9N, New York, NY, United States.

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|August 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Mitral annular calcification involves complex molecular processes beyond simple degeneration. This review explores its links to lipid metabolism, inflammation, and chronic kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Pathobiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a common finding associated with cardiovascular disease.
  • The underlying mechanisms of MAC have historically been viewed as a degenerative process.
  • However, recent insights suggest MAC is a more complex, active molecular process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence on the pathophysiologic determinants of mitral annular calcification.
  • To highlight the shift in understanding MAC from a degenerative to an active molecular process.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current evidence on mitral annular calcification.
  • Synthesis of information regarding the molecular and systemic factors involved in MAC pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Mitral annular calcification is an active, regulated process.
  • Key determinants include lipid metabolism, hemodynamic stress, chronic kidney disease, and inflammation.
  • Bone and mineral metabolism also plays a role in MAC development.

Conclusions:

  • Mitral annular calcification is a complex condition influenced by multiple systemic factors.
  • Understanding these pathophysiologic determinants is crucial for managing associated cardiovascular risks.

Keywords:
AgingMitral annular calcificationValve disease

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