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Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
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Mechanisms of mitral annular calcification
Daniele Massera1, Jorge R Kizer2, Marc R Dweck3
1Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, 530 1st Ave, Skirball 9N, New York, NY, United States.
Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|August 13, 2019
Summary
Mitral annular calcification involves complex molecular processes beyond simple degeneration. This review explores its links to lipid metabolism, inflammation, and chronic kidney disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Pathobiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a common finding associated with cardiovascular disease.
- The underlying mechanisms of MAC have historically been viewed as a degenerative process.
- However, recent insights suggest MAC is a more complex, active molecular process.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current evidence on the pathophysiologic determinants of mitral annular calcification.
- To highlight the shift in understanding MAC from a degenerative to an active molecular process.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current evidence on mitral annular calcification.
- Synthesis of information regarding the molecular and systemic factors involved in MAC pathogenesis.
Main Results:
- Mitral annular calcification is an active, regulated process.
- Key determinants include lipid metabolism, hemodynamic stress, chronic kidney disease, and inflammation.
- Bone and mineral metabolism also plays a role in MAC development.
Conclusions:
- Mitral annular calcification is a complex condition influenced by multiple systemic factors.
- Understanding these pathophysiologic determinants is crucial for managing associated cardiovascular risks.
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