Gut Microbiota Modulation for Multidrug-Resistant Organism Decolonization: Present and Future Perspectives

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global public health concern.
• Multi-drug resistant (MDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) infections present significant clinical challenges, often leading to treatment failure and poor outcomes.
• Current therapeutic options for MDR/PDR infections are limited, emphasizing the need for novel control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review microbiota-mediated mechanisms contributing to AMR.
• To explore strategies for controlling MDR pathogen colonization.
• To specifically examine fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for intestinal decolonization of MDR pathogens.

Main Methods:

• This study is a narrative review.
• It synthesizes current knowledge on microbiota's role in AMR.
• Literature on FMT for MDR decolonization and its clinical applications is updated and analyzed.

Main Results:

• Microbiota plays a significant role in the development and spread of AMR.
• Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging strategy for decolonizing MDR pathogens.
• Updated literature indicates growing clinical use and potential of FMT in managing MDR colonization.

Conclusions:

• Understanding microbiota-mediated AMR mechanisms is crucial for developing new interventions.
• Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) offers a promising avenue for controlling MDR pathogen colonization, particularly in the intestinal tract.
• Further research and clinical application of FMT are warranted to combat the threat of AMR.