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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Human Blastocyst Biopsy and Vitrification
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Human Blastocyst Biopsy and Vitrification.

Roberta Maggiulli1, Adriano Giancani2, Danilo Cimadomo3

  • 1G.EN.E.R.A. Centers for Reproductive Medicine.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|August 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blastocyst biopsy for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is safe and effective, yielding high survival and live birth rates. Optimizing timing between biopsy and vitrification is crucial for successful embryo transfer after IVF.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Embryology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Blastocyst biopsy is essential for reliable genetic diagnosis in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles using preimplantation genetic testing (PGT).
  • Efficient vitrification protocols are critical for embryo cryopreservation and subsequent transfer in a natural cycle, considering diagnostic turnaround times.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety, efficiency, and outcomes of a specific blastocyst biopsy technique for PGT.
  • To determine optimal parameters for embryo handling, vitrification, and warming to maximize success rates.

Main Methods:

  • A sequential zona pellucida opening and trophectoderm cell retrieval (5-10 cells) biopsy method was employed.
  • Vitrification and warming protocols were applied to biopsied blastocysts, with assessment of survival and re-expansion rates.
  • Live birth rates were analyzed following the transfer of vitrified-warmed euploid blastocysts.

Main Results:

  • The biopsy procedure demonstrated high reproducibility, with a conclusive diagnosis rate of approximately 97.5% and a live birth rate exceeding 40% after euploid blastocyst transfer.
  • Survival rates post-biopsy, vitrification, and warming were exceptionally high (99.8%), with a 97% re-expansion rate at 1.5 hours from warming.
  • Optimal timing between biopsy and vitrification (≤30 minutes), blastocyst quality, and biopsy day significantly influenced re-expansion rates.

Conclusions:

  • The described blastocyst biopsy technique is a safe and effective method for PGT, achieving high success rates in IVF cycles.
  • Careful management of the time interval between biopsy and vitrification, along with blastocyst quality, is vital for successful cryopreservation and subsequent embryo development.
  • Non-invasive methods analyzing IVF culture media for embryonic DNA represent a promising future direction for PGT, though further validation is required.