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A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
Published on: June 15, 2018
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Clostridium difficile Infection in the Emergency Department
Sushil K Garg1, Itegbemie Obaitan2, Shashank Sarvepalli3
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester.
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|August 13, 2019
Summary
Emergency department visits for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) increased, but hospital admission rates declined. Identifying predictors of admission and mortality is crucial for reducing healthcare burdens.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) significantly impacts emergency department (ED) and inpatient healthcare resources.
- Limited research has focused on the specific burden of CDI within emergency departments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in ED utilization for CDI.
- To evaluate ED and inpatient charges, admission rates, mortality, and length of stay for CDI.
- To identify risk factors for hospital admission and mortality following an ED visit for CDI.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) from 2006 to 2014.
- Identified patients with a primary diagnosis of CDI using diagnostic codes.
- Employed survey logistic regression to determine factors associated with hospital admission.
Main Results:
- A total of 909,236 ED visits for CDI were recorded, with an admission rate of 90%.
- ED visits for CDI rose from 76,709 in 2006 to 106,869 in 2014, while the admission rate decreased from 92.4% to 84.4%.
- Inflation-adjusted ED charges nearly doubled; length of hospital stay decreased. Smoking, alcohol use, and comorbidities predicted admission; age and comorbidities predicted mortality.
Conclusions:
- Despite increased ED utilization for CDI, hospital admission rates have declined over a nine-year period.
- Understanding predictors of admission and mortality can inform strategies to optimize healthcare resource allocation.
- Further research and targeted interventions are needed to mitigate the healthcare burden of CDI.
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