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Observing Changes in Ocean Carbonate Chemistry: Our Autonomous Future.

Seth M Bushinsky1, Yuichiro Takeshita2, Nancy L Williams3

  • 11Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, 300 Forrestal Road, Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.

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Autonomous ocean sensors are advancing carbonate chemistry observations. New pH sensors on floats demonstrate a feasible global system for monitoring ocean CO2 fluxes and ecosystems.

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Area of Science:

  • Oceanography
  • Chemical Oceanography
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Ocean carbonate chemistry is crucial for understanding marine ecosystems and climate.
  • Autonomous observing systems are essential for large-scale, long-term environmental monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in autonomous ocean carbonate chemistry observation.
  • To highlight the development of a sensor network for multi-scale carbonate process monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of versatile pH sensors on autonomous vehicles (profiling floats, gliders).
  • Establishment of compact, fixed ecosystem observatories.
  • Utilizing empirical relationships to infer carbonate system parameters.

Main Results:

  • Development of pH sensors suitable for autonomous platforms and fixed observatories.
  • Successful large-scale deployment of pH-equipped floats in the Southern Ocean.
  • Demonstrated feasibility of a global autonomous open-ocean carbonate observing system.

Conclusions:

  • Autonomous observations are targeting surface ocean CO2 fluxes and ecosystem monitoring.
  • Integration of sensors on gliders and surface vehicles will enhance coastal/regional capabilities.
  • Future sensors aim to measure multiple carbonate parameters autonomously, reducing reliance on empirical methods.