Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Toroids

Toroids

A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
When connected to a supply, the magnetic field generated in the toroid has field lines circular and concentric to its axis. Conventionally, the direction of this magnetic field is expressed using the right-hand rule. If the fingers of the right hand curl in the current direction, the thumb points in...

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Predicting Molecular Geometry

Predicting Molecular Geometry

VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries

Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments

Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments

The VSEPR theory can be used to determine the electron pair geometries and molecular structures as follows:

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry

Radicals: Electronic Structure and Geometry

This lesson delves into the geometry of a radical, which is influenced by the electronic structure of the molecule. The principle is similar to that of a lone pair, where the unpaired electron influences the geometry at the radical center.
Accordingly, the structure of a trivalent radical lies between the geometries of carbocations and carbanions. An sp2-hybridized carbocation is trigonal planar, while an sp3-hybridized carbanion is trigonal pyramidal. Here, the difference in geometry is...

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Mechanistic Insights into the Antioxidant and Pro-oxidant Behaviors of Uric Acid in the Presence of Cu(II).

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2026

Same author

Evaluation of Dithio Compounds Modified Porous Silicon for Label-Free Detection and Distinction of Biothiols.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026

Same author

Poly(imidazolium ester) antibiotic forms intracellular polymer-nucleic acid biomolecular condensates and fight drug-resistant bacteria.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles-based drug delivery systems for osteoarthritis therapy: the application and potential translation into clinical therapy.

Expert opinion on drug delivery·2025

Same author

Carbene formation as a mechanism for efficient intracellular uptake of cationic antimicrobial carbon acid polymers.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Zoanthamine-Type Alkaloids Derived from Cultured <i>Zoanthus kuroshio</i> with Therapeutic Potential Against Osteoporosis.

Journal of natural products·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Published on: September 22, 2015

Microencapsulated islet-like microtissues with toroid geometry for enhanced cellular viability.

Yang Chen¹, Dang T Nguyen¹, Ganesh R Kokil¹

¹School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore.

Acta Biomaterialia

|August 13, 2019

Summary

Redesigning therapeutic microtissues into a toroid shape significantly improves cell viability and function. This geometric innovation enhances cell packing and survival, offering a promising advancement for Type 1 diabetes cell therapy.

Keywords:

Cellular viability Diabetes Encapsulation Islet-like microtissue Microtissue geometry Toroid

More Related Videos

3D Microtissues for Injectable Regenerative Therapy and High-throughput Drug Screening

3D Microtissues for Injectable Regenerative Therapy and High-throughput Drug Screening

Published on: October 4, 2017

Extraction of Plant-based Capsules for Microencapsulation Applications

Extraction of Plant-based Capsules for Microencapsulation Applications

Published on: November 9, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Published on: September 22, 2015

3D Microtissues for Injectable Regenerative Therapy and High-throughput Drug Screening

3D Microtissues for Injectable Regenerative Therapy and High-throughput Drug Screening

Published on: October 4, 2017

Extraction of Plant-based Capsules for Microencapsulation Applications

Extraction of Plant-based Capsules for Microencapsulation Applications

Published on: November 9, 2016

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Cell Therapy

Background:

Type 1 diabetes treatment faces challenges with islet transplantation due to cell death from hypoxia at avascular sites.
Restoring insulin-secreting function requires overcoming the loss of islet viability post-transplantation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of non-spherical microtissue geometries on the viability and function of transplanted islets.
To design and fabricate novel islet-like microtissues with enhanced cellular survival.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of insulin-secreting microtissues with varying shapes (toroid, rod, spheroid) using rat insulinoma beta cells on hydrogels.
Quantitative assessment of cellular viability, metabolic activity, and glucose-responsive insulin secretion.
Evaluation of microtissue structural integrity after microencapsulation in alginate hydrogels.

Main Results:

Toroid microtissues demonstrated superior cellular viability and metabolic activity compared to rod and spheroid shapes.
Toroid geometry allowed for more efficient cell packing at similar viability levels.
Maintained glucose-responsive insulin secretion and structural integrity post-encapsulation.

Conclusions:

Non-spherical, specifically toroid, microtissue geometry enhances therapeutic cell survival and function.
Redesigning microtissue configuration offers a viable strategy to improve islet graft performance.
This approach may accelerate the clinical translation of cell-based therapies for Type 1 diabetes.