Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
Single Synapse Indicators of Glutamate Release and Uptake in Acute Brain Slices from Normal and Huntington Mice
Published on: March 11, 2020
Pharmacokinetic evaluation of a sustained-release compounded procainamide preparation after 24-h (acute)
J D Thomason1, D Boothe2, B KuKanich3
1Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
Introduction:
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of a compounded sustained-release procainamide formulation in normal dogs.
Animals:
Six healthy, purpose-bred mixed-breed dogs participated in the study.
Methods:
In phase I, two dogs were administered oral procainamide (30 mg/kg), and plasma was obtained to determine plasma concentration ranges and duration. In phase II, six dogs were administered procainamide (30 mg/kg by mouth every 12 hours) to determine the pharmacokinetics of sustained-release procainamide. Serum procainamide concentration was determined using an immunochemistry assay.
Results:
No adverse clinical effects were noted in any of the dogs studied. The average maximum serum concentration, average serum concentration, and average minimum serum concentration were 10.17, 7.13, and 3.07 μg/mL, respectively. The average time over a 12-h period during which procainamide concentration exceeded 12 μg/mL was 2.35 h, was between 4 and 12 μg/mL was 7.19 h, and was less than 4 μg/mL was 2.46 h. The average times at maximum concentration and minimum concentration were 18.67 and 12.25 h, respectively.
Conclusions:
Administration of sustained-release procainamide twice daily achieved targeted plasma concentrations in most dogs. Evaluation of serum trough concentrations should be considered owing to interanimal variability to confirm that serum concentrations are within the reported therapeutic range for an individual patient.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:43Sustainable Development
01:29Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Oximes and Nitro Compounds
Though catalytic hydrogenation can reduce nitrobenzenes, the reduction is nonselective in the presence of other functional groups. For instance, if nitrobenzene contains an aldehyde group,...
01:23Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring
01:26Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
01:19Normal Stress
When a rod is under axial loading, the internal forces and corresponding stress are normal to the plane of the section, so it is termed normal stress. It's important to...
02:38Molecules and Compounds