Health risks and interventions in prediabetes: A review

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Syndrome
• Public Health

Background:

• Prediabetes is defined by elevated blood glucose levels not meeting the diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
• It is associated with a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and inflammation.
• These metabolic derangements significantly elevate the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and its associated microvascular and macrovascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the risk factors and health issues associated with prediabetes.
• To highlight effective interventions for preventing the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on prediabetes.
• Synthesis of information on risk factors, health complications, and preventive strategies.

Main Results:

• Prediabetes is characterized by multiple metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of diabetes and its complications.
• Some prediabetic individuals may already exhibit microvascular and macrovascular complications typically associated with diabetes.

Conclusions:

• Prediabetes is a critical transitional stage requiring attention due to associated health risks.
• Interventions targeting risk factors and lifestyle modifications are crucial for preventing diabetes development in prediabetic individuals.