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In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...

Review and Preview

Review and Preview

Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...

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Ethics in Research

Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.

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Point-of-Care Ultrasound: A Review of Ultrasound Parameters for Predicting Difficult Airways

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Paraneoplastic sarcoidosis: a review.

M Herron¹, S G Chong¹, L Gleeson¹

¹Department of Respiratory Medicine, St James's Hospital, James's Street North, Ushers, Dublin 8, Ireland.

QJM : Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians

|August 14, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sarcoidosis can occur with cancer. This study found that 17.3% of sarcoidosis cases were linked to malignancy, most commonly gastrointestinal, hematological, or lung cancers.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Pulmonology
Pathology

Background:

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory condition that can occur alongside cancer.
The association between sarcoidosis and malignancy requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify patients with paraneoplastic sarcoidosis.
To determine the types of malignancies associated with sarcoidosis.
To characterize the clinical features of paraneoplastic sarcoidosis.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 289 patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis between 2010 and 2016.
Identification of 50 patients with a concurrent or prior cancer diagnosis.
Review of malignancy types and sarcoidosis characteristics.

Main Results:

17.3% of sarcoidosis cases were associated with malignancy.
Common associated malignancies included gastrointestinal (20%), hematological (18%), lung (12%), gynecological (12%), and head and neck (12%).
Pulmonary sarcoidosis was prevalent (74%), with diagnosis often confirmed via endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (68%).
Most sarcoidosis cases (66%) were diagnosed within one year of malignancy diagnosis.

Conclusions:

Paraneoplastic sarcoidosis is a recognized phenomenon.
Clinicians should consider sarcoid reactions when evaluating suspected cancer recurrence on imaging.
Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and management of paraneoplastic sarcoidosis.