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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
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Published on: March 14, 2017

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Iron overload and arrhythmias: Influence of confounding factors

Yukitaka Shizukuda1,2,3, Douglas R Rosing1

  • 1Cardiovascular Branch National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda Maryland.

Journal of Arrhythmia
|August 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Arrhythmias in iron overload (IO) may not solely stem from iron in the heart. Heart failure and oxidative stress are significant confounding factors needing further investigation for accurate etiology and management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hematology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Arrhythmias are a known cardiac complication of iron overload (IO).
  • Myocardial iron accumulation is the presumed direct cause of these arrhythmias.
  • Confounding factors like heart failure and oxidative stress associated with IO have not been critically reviewed in relation to arrhythmias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a narrative review of published literature on PubMed.
  • To critically assess the influence of confounding factors in iron overload on cardiac arrhythmias.
  • To evaluate the etiology and clinical significance of IO-related arrhythmias.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive narrative review of published articles.
  • Literature search conducted on PubMed.
  • Analysis of studies considering confounding factors in iron overload and arrhythmias.

Main Results:

  • Previous studies on IO-related arrhythmias may be confounded by heart failure and oxidative stress.
  • Lack of age-gender-matched control subjects and controlled confounding factors in prior research.
  • The direct etiological link and clinical significance of IO-induced arrhythmias require further clarification.

Conclusions:

  • Further mechanistic investigations are needed to clarify the etiology of IO-induced arrhythmias.
  • Clinical relevance of IO-related arrhythmias needs to be accurately assessed.
  • Development of arrhythmia management strategies specific to iron overload is warranted.

Keywords:
arrhythmiasheart failurehemochromatosisiron overloadoxidative stress

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