Thyroid function among women with gestational trophoblastic diseases. A cross-sectional study

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Gynecology
• Oncology

Background:

• Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) are rare, treatable tumors with variable global incidence.
• High beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in early pregnancy can cause hyperthyroidism.
• Beta-HCG stimulates the thyroid, leading to thyrotoxicosis in patients with trophoblastic tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate thyroid function in patients diagnosed with complete or partial hydatidiform mole.
• To understand the relationship between hydatidiform mole characteristics and thyroid function.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study was conducted using medical records of 50 patients with hydatidiform mole.
• Thyroid function tests (TSH, fT4, TT4, etc.) and ultrasonography were performed.
• Hormone levels including beta-HCG were measured.

Main Results:

• Complete hydatidiform mole (15 patients) was associated with older age and higher parity compared to partial mole (35 patients).
• Patients with complete hydatidiform mole exhibited lower TSH and higher fT4/TT4 levels.
• Thyroid disease severity correlated with age, parity, beta-HCG levels, and mole size.

Conclusions:

• Thyroid dysfunction is a significant concern in hydatidiform mole patients.
• Severity of thyroid disease is linked to patient age, parity, beta-HCG levels, and mole size.
• Further prospective multicenter studies with larger cohorts are recommended.