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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Reconstitution of Basic Mitotic Spindles in Spherical Emulsion Droplets
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Cell shape and intercellular adhesion regulate mitotic spindle orientation.

Jingchen Li1, Longcan Cheng1, Hongyuan Jiang1

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.

Molecular Biology of the Cell
|August 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell division orientation is regulated by a competition between cell shape and cell adhesion. Intercellular adhesion dominates when cell shape anisotropy is low, while cell shape dominates when anisotropy is high.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Cell division orientation is crucial for tissue development and cell fate.
  • Both cell shape and adhesion geometry influence mitotic spindle orientation.
  • The combined regulatory roles of cell shape and adhesion remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the competitive mechanisms governing spindle orientation between cell shape and intercellular adhesion in epithelial cells.
  • To elucidate how these factors interact to determine cell division orientation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a general computational model.
  • Simulated epithelial cell division under varying conditions of cell shape anisotropy and adhesion geometry.
  • Analyzed the resulting spindle orientation relative to cell shape and adhesion.

Main Results:

  • Spindle orientation is dictated by intercellular adhesion under low cell shape anisotropy and by cell shape under high anisotropy.
  • Strong adhesion and moderate adhesive size promote planar division in elongated epithelial cells.
  • Cell compression shifts spindle orientation control to cell shape, aligning it with the adhesive region for high anisotropy.

Conclusions:

  • Cell shape and intercellular adhesion engage in a competitive mechanism to regulate spindle orientation.
  • Tricellular junctions also play a role in regulating spindle orientation through competition with cell shape.
  • Findings provide insights into the precise control of cell division during tissue morphogenesis.