Amygdala kindling and c-fos protein(s)
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Updated: Aug 18, 2026

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Dissection of Fear Circuits in Brain Slices
Published on: April 5, 2016
M Dragunow1, H A Robertson, G S Robertson
1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Abstract:
c-fos protein was visualized immunohistochemically in the brains of rats after partial amygdala seizures and generalized amygdala-kindled seizures and in seizure-free amygdala-kindled rats. Four hours following partial amygdala seizures there was a massive induction of c-fos protein in the ipsilateral piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, and amygdala. Following generalized amygdala-kindled seizures there was a massive bilateral induction of c-fos in the entire cerebral cortex, amygdala, piriform and entorhinal cortices, hippocampus, and dentate gyrus. However, there did not appear to be any change in the basal levels of c-fos in the brains of amygdala-kindled rats that had been seizure free for 7 days. These results show that kindled seizures induce c-fos in neurons, but that the permanence of kindling is not related to altered basal c-fos levels.
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