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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
Published on: November 16, 2018
Stimulatory Effects of KPR-A148 on Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Regeneration
Soomin Lim1, Ju Ang Kim1, Taeho Lee2
11Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, Institute for Hard Tissue and Bio-tooth Regeneration (IHBR), Kyungpook National University, 2177 Dalgubeol-daero, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940 Republic of Korea.
Background:
Xanthine derivatives have been used to treat a variety of medical conditions including respiratory disease and neural degeneration. However, few studies have reported their effects on bone regeneration. Therefore, we investigated the effects of KPR-A148, a synthetic xanthine derivative on osteoblast differentiation in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo.
Methods:
The cytotoxicity of KPR-A148 was evaluated using MC3T3-E1 cells by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltertrazolium bromide assay. The effects of KPR-A148 on osteoblast differentiation were examined by alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin red S staining, and real-time PCR of osteoblast differentiation marker genes. To investigate the effects of KPR-A148 on in vivo bone regeneration, a KPR-A148-containing collagen sponge was implanted into a mouse calvarial defect and KPR-A148 was injected twice, weekly. Bone regeneration was evaluated quantitatively by micro-CT and qualitatively by hematoxylin and eosin, as well as Masson's Trichrome staining.
Results:
KPR-A148 did not show toxicity in the MC3T3-E1 cells and promoted osteoblast differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. 10 μM of KPR-A148 showed the most significant effect on alkaline phospatase staining and matrix mineralization. KPR-A148 increased the expression of osteoblast marker genes in both the early and late stages of differentiation. In addition, KPR-A148 significantly induced new bone formation in the calvarial defect model.
Conclusion:
These results demonstrate that KPR-A148 strongly induces osteoblast differentiation and new bone formation. Therefore, it could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for regenerating bone following its destruction by disease or trauma.
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