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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
Published on: September 29, 2018
Serious immune-related adverse events in patients with head and neck cancer after checkpoint blockade: Systematic
Mohsin Shah1, Mona K Jomaa1, Renata Ferrarotto2
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Background:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors confer significant clinical benefit by bolstering immune-system activity, however, they also produce a spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Rapid recognition and timely treatment of these patients is essential for improved outcomes.
Methods:
We conducted a systematic review of English-language articles in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases on patients with head and neck cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors who developed treatment-related adverse events.
Results:
Of 1715 unique citations, 11 studies met inclusion criteria. Eight patients with serious irAEs were reported from case reports and case series. Overall, 46 treatment-related AEs were identified from the pooled 791 patients with at least 12 having potential relevance to irAEs. The most frequent AEs observed in patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors involved the endocrine, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal systems.
Conclusions:
Characterizing irAEs in longitudinal studies is needed for developing strategies for their prompt recognition and management.
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