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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
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Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography
Published on: January 27, 2023
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Pneumopericardium in the neonate: a case report
Jasmeet Kataria-Hale1, Caraciolo J Fernandes1, Michael E Speer1
1Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Perfusion
|August 17, 2019
Summary
A neonate on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation experienced pneumopericardium and cardiac tamponade. Treatment involved switching to veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, leading to spontaneous air leak resolution.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal critical care
- Pediatric cardiology
- Extracorporeal life support
Background:
- Cardiorespiratory failure in neonates presents significant management challenges.
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a vital support therapy for critically ill neonates.
- Veno-venous ECMO is commonly used for respiratory support.
Observation:
- A term infant on veno-venous ECMO for cardiorespiratory failure developed pneumopericardium.
- This complication led to cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening condition.
- The patient required a circuit change during ECMO support.
Findings:
- Conversion from veno-venous to veno-arterial ECMO was performed.
- Conservative management was initiated following the circuit change.
- The pneumopericardium and associated air leak resolved spontaneously.
Implications:
- This case highlights a rare but serious complication of ECMO in neonates.
- It suggests that veno-arterial ECMO may be a viable option for managing ECMO-related air leaks.
- Conservative management can be effective for pneumopericardium in this context.
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