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Related Concept Videos

Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

804
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
804
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

519
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
519
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

484
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
484
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

485
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
485
Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

506
Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
Hallucinations
Hallucinations in...
506
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

575
Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
575

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Gaze in Action: Head-mounted Eye Tracking of Children's Dynamic Visual Attention During Naturalistic Behavior
07:09

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Oxytocin increases eye gaze in schizophrenia.

Ellen R Bradley1, Alison Seitz2, Andrea N Niles1

  • 1University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America; San Francisco Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.

Schizophrenia Research
|August 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Intranasal oxytocin improved eye gaze in men with schizophrenia, increasing attention to faces. Attachment anxiety and symptom severity influenced this oxytocin effect, suggesting potential therapeutic avenues.

Keywords:
AttachmentEye-trackingOxytocinSchizophreniaSocial behavior

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Social Cognition

Background:

  • Abnormal eye gaze is a common symptom in schizophrenia, impacting social functioning.
  • Oxytocin, a neuropeptide, influences social attention, but its role in schizophrenia eye gaze is unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of intranasal oxytocin on eye gaze patterns in men with schizophrenia.
  • To explore potential moderators of oxytocin's effects on social attention in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, crossover study involving 33 men with schizophrenia and 39 controls.
  • Administration of intranasal oxytocin (40 IU) or placebo, followed by viewing facial stimuli with eye-tracking.
  • Analysis using linear mixed-effects models, examining moderators like attachment style and symptom severity.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients exhibited reduced eye fixation on faces compared to controls under placebo.
  • Oxytocin increased eye fixation time in schizophrenia patients but decreased it in controls.
  • Attachment anxiety and symptom severity predicted a greater oxytocin-induced increase in eye fixation.

Conclusions:

  • Intranasal oxytocin can enhance eye gaze towards faces in men with schizophrenia.
  • Attachment style and symptom severity are important moderators of oxytocin's effects on social attention.
  • Further research is needed to link these eye gaze changes to social cognition and functional outcomes.