Postural instability in cognitively impaired elderly during forward and backward body leans

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in postural stability control while leaning forward and backward between healthy elderly participants and elderly participants with cognitive impairment. [Participants and Methods] Postural stability was analyzed in 36 participants. According to the Mini-Mental State Examination results, participants were divided into the cognitive impairment group and the control group. A force plate was used to register the center of pressure in the sagittal and frontal plane, during two trials of maximum forward and backward body leaning. [Results] Significant differences were shown in both forward and backward leaning between the control and cognitive impairment groups. [Conclusion] The control of stability in the sagittal plane during maximum forward and backward lean of the body in cognitively impaired patients is similar to the results obtained by their healthy peers. However, individuals with cognitive impairment demonstrated larger lateral oscillations, which may be the reason for postural instability in this group, leading to an increased occurrence of falls.