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Consecutive, Resting, Long-Duration Hyperoxic Exposures Alter Neuromuscular Responses During Maximal Strength
Christopher M Myers1,2, Jeong-Su Kim1, John P Florian1,2
1Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
Frontiers in Physiology
|August 17, 2019
Summary
Repeated hyperoxic water immersions (WIs) reduced muscular strength and altered neuromuscular activation in divers. While performance recovered, activation deficits persisted beyond 72 hours, indicating potential long-term effects.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Sports Science
- Diving Medicine
Background:
- Diving activities often involve exposure to hyperbaric and hyperoxic conditions.
- Previous research suggests normoxic water immersions can impact neuromuscular performance.
- The effects of prolonged, repetitive hyperoxic exposures on neuromuscular function are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the physiological impact of repetitive hyperoxic conditions (1.35 ATA) on neuromuscular strength.
- To determine if prolonged hyperoxic water immersions (WIs) lead to reduced neuromuscular performance and delayed recovery.
- To compare recovery times after hyperoxic WIs with previously reported normoxic WI data.
Main Methods:
- Thirteen active male divers underwent five consecutive days of 6-hour resting water immersions at 1.35 ATA breathing 100% oxygen.
- Neuromuscular strength was assessed using maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), isokinetic (IK) testing, and maximum handgrip (MHG).
- Surface electromyography (sEMG) measured neuromuscular activation in the quadriceps, biceps brachii, and brachioradialis.
Main Results:
- Handgrip strength declined by 7.8% by the fifth immersion, recovering within 24 hours.
- Knee extension strength decreased by 4% by day 3, with quadriceps activation dropping by 11%.
- Elbow flexion strength declined by 5.1% to 8.6% by day 5, with biceps activation decreasing by 24%, and deficits persisted beyond 72 hours.
Conclusions:
- Consecutive, long-duration hyperoxic water immersions significantly reduce muscular performance and alter neuromuscular activation.
- While some performance measures recover by the end of the immersion period, neuromuscular activation deficits linger.
- These findings suggest that prolonged hyperoxic exposures may have lasting effects on neuromuscular function in divers.
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