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Related Concept Videos

Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

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Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
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Autonomic Nervous System01:22

Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...
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Autonomic Nervous System: Overview01:26

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The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains nerve cells, clusters of nerve cells, and the sensory receptors that are outside the CNS. The PNS has two types of nerve cells: sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). Sensory cells send signals to the CNS from receptors, and motor cells carry signals from the CNS to organs, muscles, and...
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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...
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Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants01:23

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants

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Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
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Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers01:28

Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Blockers

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Ganglionic blockers inhibit autonomic activity by blocking nicotinic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, suppressing impulse transmission. These blockers lack selectivity between sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia and are ineffective as neuromuscular junction antagonists. They can be categorized into two groups:
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Quantitative Autonomic Testing
11:40

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Published on: July 19, 2011

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Clinical autonomic dysfunction in narcolepsy type 1.

Lucie Barateau1,2,3, Sofiene Chenini1,2, Elisa Evangelista1,2,3

  • 1Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, France.

Sleep
|August 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Narcolepsy type 1 patients exhibit widespread autonomic dysfunction, impacting all bodily systems. This dysfunction is frequent and not significantly affected by medication, highlighting the need for clinical screening.

Keywords:
SCOPA-AUTautonomic dysfunctioncataplexynarcolepsyorexin/hypocretin

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a chronic neurological disorder affecting sleep-wake regulation.
  • Autonomic dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a significant comorbidity in NT1.
  • The SCOPA-AUT questionnaire is a validated tool for assessing autonomic symptoms across multiple domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare autonomic symptom prevalence in untreated NT1 patients versus healthy controls using the SCOPA-AUT questionnaire.
  • To identify determinants of high autonomic symptom burden in NT1.
  • To evaluate the impact of medication on autonomic dysfunction in NT1.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study comparing 92 drug-free adult NT1 patients with 109 healthy controls using the SCOPA-AUT.
  • A subgroup of 59 NT1 patients completed the SCOPA-AUT twice: once untreated and once on medication.
  • Statistical analyses included crude and adjusted models to assess associations.

Main Results:

  • NT1 patients reported significantly higher SCOPA-AUT scores than controls across all autonomic domains (gastrointestinal, urinary, cardiovascular, thermoregulatory, pupillomotor, sexual).
  • Higher symptom burden in NT1 was associated with older age, longer disease duration, poorer quality of life, and increased depressive symptoms.
  • Medication status did not significantly alter total SCOPA-AUT scores or subdomain scores in a subgroup analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Autonomic dysfunction is a frequent and pervasive issue in narcolepsy type 1, affecting all assessed domains.
  • The observed autonomic symptoms are not significantly influenced by common medication regimens.
  • Physicians should consider systematic screening for autonomic dysfunction in NT1 patients to address these often-underreported symptoms and improve quality of life.