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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals
Published on: November 22, 2021
Enabling Self-passivation by Attaching Small Grains on Surfaces of Large Grains toward High-Performance Perovskite
Jiajun Qin1, Jia Zhang2, Yujie Bai3
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Abstract:
This paper reports a new method to generate stable and high-brightness electroluminescence (EL) by subsequently growing large/small grains at micro/nano scales with the configuration of attaching small grains on the surfaces of large grains in perovskite (MAPbBr3) films by mixing two precursor solutions (PbBr2 + MABr and Pb(Ac)2·3H2O + MABr). Consequently, the small and large grains serve, respectively, as passivation agents and light-emitting centers, enabling self-passivation on the defects located on the surfaces of light-emitting large grains. Furthermore, the light-emitting states become linearly polarized with maximal polarization of 30.8%, demonstrating a very stable light emission (49,119 cd/m2 with EQE = 11.31%) and a lower turn-on bias (1.9 V) than the bandgap (2.25V) in the perovskite LEDs (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbBr3/TPBi[50 nm]/LiF[0.7 nm]/Ag). Therefore, mixing large/small grains with the configuration of attaching small grains on the surfaces of large grains by mixing two precursor solutions presents a new strategy to develop high-performance perovskite LEDs.
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