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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

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Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
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Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
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Renal Clearance01:23

Renal Clearance

2.4K
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical marker of kidney function, reflecting the efficiency of filtration by the glomeruli. Renal clearance of specific substances, such as inulin or creatinine, is commonly used to measure GFR.
Renal clearance refers to the volume of plasma cleared of a specific substance, such as creatinine, per unit of time. To measure clearance, urine samples are collected over a 24-hour period during each bladder voiding, followed by a single blood sample at the...
2.4K
Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods01:08

Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods

571
Renal clearance is a critical parameter encompassing kidney filtration, secretion, and reabsorption processes. It is calculated using a specific equation to determine the rate at which the kidneys clear a drug.
Renal clearance is often associated with the renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which represents the rate at which plasma is filtered through the glomeruli in the kidney. When drug reabsorption is minimal and there is no active secretion, renal clearance is closely related to the...
571
Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct01:24

Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct

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The renal tubule is divided into three parts: the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), the Loop of Henle (LOH), and the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
3.2K
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

440
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
440

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Direct Drug Delivery to Kidney via the Renal Artery
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Renal ciliopathies.

Laura A Devlin1, John A Sayer2

  • 1Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|August 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Renal ciliopathies, linked to primary cilia defects, are expanding as new genetic causes are found. This offers new avenues for understanding and treating cystic kidney diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Renal ciliopathies encompass nephronophthisis, cystic kidneys, and renal cystic dysplasia.
  • These disorders stem from abnormalities in the primary cilia complex structure or function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the understanding of renal ciliopathies.
  • To highlight new insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for cystic kidney diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on renal ciliopathies.
  • Analysis of genomic and genetic findings in the field.

Main Results:

  • The spectrum of known renal ciliopathies is continuously expanding.
  • Novel genetic causes are being identified through advanced genomic approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advances provide new opportunities to explore disease mechanisms.
  • These insights facilitate the development of therapeutic approaches for renal ciliopathies and associated conditions.