Tardive Dyskinesia: Treatment Update.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Psychiatry
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a distressing condition resulting from dopamine antagonism, primarily from antipsychotic medications.
• TD significantly impacts patients' physical and emotional well-being, diminishing their quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a critically appraised update on recent advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of tardive dyskinesia.
• To review the latest evidence-based guidelines and therapeutic options for managing TD.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of peer-reviewed, recently published articles.
• Critical appraisal of studies focusing on tardive dyskinesia treatments and guidelines.

Main Results:

• The FDA approved VMAT2 inhibitors (deutetrabenazine and valbenazine) in 2017, demonstrating efficacy in Class 1 studies.
• Updated evidence-based guidelines for tardive dyskinesia treatment are now available.
• Various medication classes are used, with VMAT2 inhibitors being the first FDA-approved options.

Conclusions:

• Treatment for tardive dyskinesia requires tailoring to individual patient symptomatology, etiology, and potential medication side effects.
• Long-term studies are needed to optimize treatment strategies in real-world settings.
• Clinicians must consider all aspects to achieve the best patient outcomes.