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Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
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Methods for estimating fragment hazard in gas explosion.

Zheng Lian1, Qi Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|August 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Predicting indoor gas explosion fragment hazards is crucial. Obstacles significantly increase fragment launch distance, with hydrogen explosions posing the widest hazard zones compared to methane or LPG.

Keywords:
Fragment hazardFuel gasHazardous areasIndoor explosionSpatial distribution

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Area of Science:

  • Explosion dynamics
  • Structural mechanics
  • Computational fluid dynamics

Background:

  • Fragment hazards are a primary cause of casualties in indoor fuel gas explosions.
  • Understanding fragment spatial distribution is critical for safety assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a predictive method for the spatial distribution of hazardous fragments and areas in indoor fuel gas explosions.
  • To investigate the influence of indoor obstacles on fragment hazards.
  • To compare fragment hazards of different fuel gases (methane, hydrogen, LPG).

Main Methods:

  • Combined fluid and structural dynamic analysis to determine fragment motion parameters.
  • Solving fragment motion equations to predict spatial distribution of falling points.
  • Simulations conducted in a vented brick room with varying obstacle-to-gas volume ratios.

Main Results:

  • Increasing the obstacle volume ratio from 0.24 to 0.36 in a 4.6m x 4.6m x 3m room increased the maximum fragment launch distance by 3.04 times (from 6.18m to 18.78m).
  • Hydrogen explosions exhibited the largest hazard distance, approximately 3.11 times that of methane explosions under identical conditions.
  • Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) also showed significant fragment hazard distances.

Conclusions:

  • Indoor obstacles substantially amplify the danger posed by explosion fragments.
  • Fuel type significantly impacts the extent of fragment hazards, with hydrogen being the most hazardous.
  • The developed predictive method provides valuable insights for indoor explosion safety and risk assessment.