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Trisomy 8 in acute myeloid leukemia
Anette Lodvir Hemsing1, Randi Hovland2,3, Galina Tsykunova1
1Division for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Expert Review of Hematology
|August 20, 2019
Summary
Trisomy 8 is a common finding in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Molecular mutations, particularly in RUNX1 and ASXL1, are crucial for understanding AML pathogenesis and prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Cytogenetics
- Molecular Oncology
Background:
- Trisomy 8 is a frequent cytogenetic abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), occurring in 10-15% of cases.
- It can be an isolated finding or occur with other chromosomal aberrations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current research on the biological, translational, and clinical implications of trisomy 8 in AML.
- To highlight the role of molecular genetic alterations in AML pathogenesis and prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on trisomy 8 in AML.
- Analysis of molecular genetic findings associated with trisomy 8.
- Review of current European LeukemiaNet (ELN) classification and treatment recommendations.
Main Results:
- Trisomy 8 in AML is associated with mutations in DNA methylation, spliceosome, and myeloid transcription factor genes.
- RUNX1 and ASXL1 mutations are frequently observed and impact leukemic pathogenesis.
- AML with trisomy 8 is classified as intermediate-risk by ELN, suggesting allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Conclusions:
- Molecular genetic profiling is essential for optimizing diagnosis and treatment in AML with trisomy 8.
- Further investigation into associated molecular alterations is critical for improving patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Acute myeloid leukemiachemotherapyhematopoietic stem cell transplantationmolecular geneticsprognostic impacttrisomy 8More Related Videos
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