Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 20, 2026
11:50
Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Published on: January 7, 2020
27.5K
Clinical Pharmacy Practice Patterns Among North Carolina Rural Hospitals
Cameron Lanier1,2, Jason Moss1,2, Robert Tunney1,3
1233484Campbell University College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Buies Creek, NC, USA.
Journal of Pharmacy Practice
|August 20, 2019
Summary
Rural hospital pharmacies in North Carolina offer varied clinical services. Pharmacy directors want to expand clinical roles to improve patient care but face significant barriers like funding and staffing.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Pharmacy Practice
- Rural Health
Background:
- Rural hospitals face unique challenges, including limited funding and isolation, impacting their ability to offer comprehensive clinical services compared to larger health systems.
- Understanding the current landscape of clinical pharmacy services in these settings is crucial for identifying opportunities for improvement and support.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the types of clinical pharmacy services currently available in rural North Carolina hospitals.
- To identify the clinical pharmacy services that rural hospitals desire to offer or expand.
- To explore the perspectives of pharmacy directors regarding the growth and sustainability of clinical pharmacy services in their institutions.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, cross-sectional survey was administered to pharmacy directors and managers at rural hospitals across North Carolina.
- Data collected included hospital and pharmacy characteristics, director information, current clinical services, and perceptions of growth barriers.
- Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, with qualitative free-response data coded for recurring themes.
Main Results:
- Seventeen rural hospital pharmacy directors/managers (32.6% response rate) completed the survey, reporting varied clinical activities and hospital/staff characteristics.
- The primary driver for expanding clinical pharmacy services was the desire to improve patient care (46.7%).
- Pharmacy directors view expanding clinical activities as a long-term objective but identified regulations, staffing, and financial constraints as key barriers.
Conclusions:
- Clinical pharmacy services are not uniform across rural hospitals in North Carolina, reflecting diverse operational capacities and needs.
- Pharmacy directors express a strong willingness and desire to increase their clinical responsibilities and involvement in patient care.
- Significant barriers, including regulatory, staffing, and financial issues, hinder the expansion of clinical pharmacy services in rural hospital settings.
More Related Videos
08:55A Practical Guide for the Production and PET/CT Imaging of 68Ga-DOTATATE for Neuroendocrine Tumors in Daily Clinical Practice
Published on: April 17, 2019
18.8K
11:45The Swimmeret System of Crayfish: A Practical Guide for the Dissection of the Nerve Cord and Extracellular Recordings of the Motor Pattern
Published on: November 25, 2014
12.7K
Related Concept Videos
00:59Hospitals-II
1.1K
Hospitals provide inpatient and outpatient services. Inpatient services provide care to patients that stay in the hospital for an extended period, ranging from days to months. Examples of inpatient services include intensive care units, hospital wards, or surgeries. Outpatient services provide care to patients who come to a hospital for a diagnostic or treatment but do not stay overnight —for example, diagnostic tests, surgical procedures, or health education.
Nurses that work in...
Nurses that work in...
1.1K
01:28Hospitals-I
1.5K
Hospitals offer medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, along with accommodation while they recover. At the same time, they also provide outpatient, emergency, psychiatric, and rehabilitation services to meet various community needs. In addition to providing medical care, hospitals also act as hubs for medical research and training. Hospitals use clinical procedures and evidence-based practice standards to deliver patient care. To deliver safe and efficient care, a nurse must stay up...
1.5K
01:06Fixed Action Patterns
17.5K
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
17.5K
01:16Characteristics of Practical Op Amps
835
A difference amplifier, a crucial component in numerous electronic devices, ideally amplifies only the difference-mode signal, which is the difference between two input signals. However, in practical circuits, the output voltage depends on both the differential gain and the common-mode gain.
The ratio of differential gain to the common-mode gain is defined as the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). This ratio quantifies the ability of operational amplifiers (op-amps) to reject common-mode...
The ratio of differential gain to the common-mode gain is defined as the common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). This ratio quantifies the ability of operational amplifiers (op-amps) to reject common-mode...
835
01:30Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice
17.2K
Theories play an essential role in organizing patient care. Theories refer to a proposed or followed belief, policy, or procedure that is the basis for action. Nursing theories are knowledge-based concepts that guide nurses' actions, influence nursing education and practice, and allow nurses to care for their patients.
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...
Theories provide a perspective to assess patients' conditions and organize data and methods. They also assist in analyzing and interpreting information. They represent a...
17.2K
01:28Equivalent Circuits for Practical Transformers
1.4K
The practical equivalent circuits of single-phase two-winding transformers exhibit significant deviations from their idealized versions due to the inherent properties of winding resistance and finite core permeability. These properties result in real and reactive power losses, affecting the transformer's performance. Understanding these deviations is crucial for designing more efficient transformers.
In a practical transformer, each winding exhibits resistance and leakage reactance. The...
In a practical transformer, each winding exhibits resistance and leakage reactance. The...
1.4K