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An Ecological Loop: Host Microbiomes across Multitrophic Interactions.

Hongwei Liu1, Catriona A Macdonald1, James Cook1

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Plants and insects use beneficial microbes to combat stress. Understanding these microbial links is key to ecosystem health and sustainable management.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Microbial ecology
  • Ecosystem dynamics
  • Host-microbe interactions

Background:

  • Host-associated microbial communities are increasingly recognized for their roles in host function and stress resilience.
  • Plants in stressful environments recruit beneficial rhizosphere microbes for enhanced survival and growth.
  • Insects utilize gut microbiomes to augment their capacity for stress resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the acquisition pathways and stress-protective functions of beneficial microbes in different hosts.
  • To highlight the emerging microbial connections between soil, plants, and pollinators.
  • To emphasize the need for a comprehensive understanding of inter-ecosystem microbial interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of current research on host-associated microbes.
  • Conceptual framework development for the 'eco-holobiont' approach.
  • Analysis of microbial roles in plant and insect stress responses.

Main Results:

  • Beneficial microbes play a crucial role in host adaptation to environmental stress across diverse taxa.
  • A significant microbial linkage exists between soil, plants, and pollinators, impacting ecosystem services.
  • The 'eco-holobiont' concept provides a framework to integrate biotic feedbacks in ecological studies.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding microbial acquisition and function is vital for host resilience.
  • The interconnectedness of microbial communities across soil-plant-pollinator systems influences ecosystem health.
  • Adopting an 'eco-holobiont' perspective can advance ecological understanding and inform sustainable management strategies.