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Correlation between intracoronary thrombus components and coronary blood flow after percutaneous coronary
Ming-Ji Zhang1, Xin Liu2, Li-Hong Liu2
1Department of Cardiology, AnSteel Group Hospital, Anshan 114003, Liaoning Province, China. asdoctor@163.com.
Insights
The color of coronary thrombus and onset time of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can predict no-reflow or slow blood flow after direct percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
- Thrombosis Research
Background:
- Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a primary cause of mortality globally.
- Early reperfusion is critical for successful AMI treatment.
- Direct percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common reperfusion strategy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the relationship between intracoronary thrombus composition and coronary blood flow post-stent implantation in direct PCI for AMI.
- To assess if thrombus color predicts outcomes like no-reflow or slow blood flow.
Main Methods:
- 154 patients undergoing direct PCI for AMI were analyzed.
- Thrombus aspiration was performed, and samples were pathologically examined.
- Patients were grouped by AMI onset time (<3, 3-6, 6-12 hours) and thrombus color (white or red).
- Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) blood flow was assessed post-stent implantation.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in thrombus components were observed between ST-segment elevation and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
- In patients treated 3-6 and 6-12 hours post-AMI, thrombus color significantly correlated with no-reflow/slow-flow incidence (P < 0.01).
- AMI onset time was significantly correlated with no-reflow and slow blood flow occurrences (P < 0.01).
Conclusions:
- Coronary thrombus color and AMI onset time are valuable predictors of post-PCI reflow.
- These factors can help anticipate no-reflow or slow blood flow after stent implantation in direct PCI for AMI.
Background:
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of mortality. Early reperfusion to restore blood flow is crucial to successful treatment. In the current reperfusion regimen, an increasing number of patients have benefited from direct percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In order to understand whether there is a correlation between the components of coronary thrombosis and the absence of reflow or slow blood flow after coronary stent implantation in direct PCI, we collected data on direct PCI cases in our hospital between January 2016 and November 2018.
Aim:
To investigate the correlation between intracoronary thrombus components and coronary blood flow after stent implantation in direct PCI in AMI.
Methods:
We enrolled 154 patients (85 male and 69 female, aged 36-81 years) with direct PCI who underwent thrombus catheter aspiration within < 3, 3-6 or 6-12 h of onset of AMI between January 2016 and November 2018. The thrombus was removed for pathological examination under a microscope. The patients of the three groups according to the onset time of AMI were further divided into those with a white or red thrombus. The thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) blood flow after stent implantation was recorded based on digital subtraction angiography during PCI. The number of patients with no-reflow and slow blood flow in each group was counted. Statistical analysis was performed based on data such as onset time, TIMI blood flow.
Results:
There were significant differences in thrombus components between the patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (P < 0.01). In the group with PCI < 3 h after onset of AMI, there was no significant difference in the incidence of no-reflow and slow-flow between the white and red thrombus groups. In the groups with PCI 3-6 and 6-12 h after onset of AMI, there was a significant difference in the incidence of no-reflow and slow-flow between the white and red thrombus groups (P < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the onset time of AMI and the occurrences of no-reflow and slow blood flow during PCI (P < 0.01).
Conclusion:
In direct PCI, the onset time of AMI and color of coronary thrombus are often used to predict whether there will be no reflow or slow blood flow after stent implantation.
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