Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ethical Issues01:27

Ethical Issues

2.0K
Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
2.0K
Interpreting R Charts01:22

Interpreting R Charts

341
R chart, or range chart, is a fundamental tool in statistical process control used to monitor the variability within a process. It complements the X-bar (x̄) chart by focusing on the range of the data, rather than individual values, providing a clear picture of the process dispersion over time.
An R chart plots the range of subsets of measurements collected from a process. Each point on the chart represents the range—defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum...
341
Interpreting Run Charts01:25

Interpreting Run Charts

3.0K
Run charts, essentially line graphs plotted over time, serve as fundamental yet effective tools for process analysis. They chronicle data sequentially, facilitating the identification of trends, shifts, or cyclical movements. This graphical representation is instrumental in determining whether a process is stable or exhibits signs of potential instability indicative of special cause variation. In the healthcare domain, run charts depict infection rates over time, enabling hospitals to monitor...
3.0K
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

6.2K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
6.2K
Development of Analytical Methods01:21

Development of Analytical Methods

1.7K
An analytical methodology can be divided into four sequential steps: technique, method, procedure, and protocol. A technique is a scientific principle that rationalizes a specific phenomenon through chemical measurements. Adapting a technique for analyzing a sample of interest is termed a method. The procedure outlines the directions for performing the analysis via an analytical method. The protocol is the detailed guidelines on the procedure, which should be strictly followed to obtain the...
1.7K
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

2.8K
An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

7-Hydroxymitragynine: Not Your Garden Variety Kratom.

The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology·2026
Same author

An enduring threat: NPS benzodiazepines in forensic and clinical toxicology from 2021 to 2025.

Journal of analytical toxicology·2026
Same author

Case series involving the synthetic cathinones alpha-PHP, alpha-PiHP, MDPHP, and MDPiHP in forensic investigations.

Forensic science international·2026
Same author

Illicit opioid adulterant trends in patients presenting with acute opioid overdose.

Journal of analytical toxicology·2026
Same author

Medetomidine-Involved Overdoses Among Emergency Department Patients: Results From a US Multicenter Sentinel Surveillance Program.

Journal of addiction medicine·2026
Same author

Alpha-2 Agonist Adulterants Are Not Associated With Prolonged Sedation in Emergency Department Opioid Overdose.

Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Accuracy and Reproducibility in Whole Bone Bending Tests
04:20

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Accuracy and Reproducibility in Whole Bone Bending Tests

Published on: September 1, 2023

1.4K

The Trouble With Kratom: Analytical and Interpretative Issues Involving Mitragynine.

Donna M Papsun1, Ayako Chan-Hosokawa1, Laura Friederich2

  • 1NMS Labs, 200 Welsh Rd, Horsham, PA, USA.

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
|August 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Mitragynine, found in Kratom, is increasingly detected in forensic cases. A new LC-MS/MS method quantifies mitragynine in blood, aiding toxicity assessment in driving under the influence and death investigations.

More Related Videos

Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
11:14

Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Published on: October 2, 2016

12.1K
Fabricating Cotton Analytical Devices
05:40

Fabricating Cotton Analytical Devices

Published on: August 30, 2016

7.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Accuracy and Reproducibility in Whole Bone Bending Tests
04:20

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Accuracy and Reproducibility in Whole Bone Bending Tests

Published on: September 1, 2023

1.4K
Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
11:14

Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Published on: October 2, 2016

12.1K
Fabricating Cotton Analytical Devices
05:40

Fabricating Cotton Analytical Devices

Published on: August 30, 2016

7.1K

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Mitragynine, the main alkaloid in Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom), is frequently encountered in forensic toxicology.
  • Its toxicity is debated, with varying reports from Southeast Asia and Western societies.
  • Sparse quantitative data in forensic casework may stem from analytical challenges like analyte stability and isomer separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a validated LC-MS/MS method for quantifying mitragynine in biological specimens.
  • To present mitragynine concentrations from a large series of forensic blood samples.
  • To illustrate the utility of accurate quantification in assessing potential mitragynine toxicity and adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Development and validation of a sensitive and specific liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method.
  • Analysis of 1,001 blood specimens submitted to a forensic laboratory over 27 months.
  • Case reports illustrating apparent adverse events and associated mitragynine concentrations.

Main Results:

  • The LC-MS/MS method demonstrated sensitivity and specificity for mitragynine quantification.
  • Mitragynine was detected in 1,001 blood specimens, with concentrations ranging from 5.6 to 29,000 ng/mL.
  • Mean and median concentrations were 410 ± 1,124 ng/mL and 130 ng/mL, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate and specific quantification of mitragynine is crucial for forensic casework.
  • The validated method allows for reliable interpretation of mitragynine levels in biological samples.
  • This supports the assessment of mitragynine's role in adverse events and toxicity investigations.