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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
Published on: August 2, 2019
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
Kaveh Delfanazari1, Pengcheng Ma2, Reuben Puddy2
1Centre for Advanced Photonics and Electronics, Engineering Department, University of Cambridge; Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge; kd398@cam.ac.uk.
Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|August 20, 2019
Summary
We demonstrate proximity-induced superconductivity in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor junctions using a 2D electron gas. Shorter Josephson junctions fabricated with e-beam lithography show enhanced superconducting properties at higher temperatures, paving the way for quantum computing.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Quantum Information Science
- Materials Science
Background:
- Coherent quantum transport in hybrid superconductor-semiconductor (S-Sm) junctions requires homogeneous, barrier-free interfaces for observing induced superconducting gaps.
- High interface transparency is crucial for accessing topological phases and exotic quasiparticles like Majorana zero modes (MZM).
- Advanced material platforms are needed for complex geometries in quantum processing and computing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and investigate a two-dimensional (2D) material system for proximity-induced superconductivity in a semiconducting 2D electron gas (2DEG).
- To realize hybrid quantum integrated circuits (QICs) based on Nb-In0.75Ga0.25As-Nb Josephson junctions (JJs).
- To explore the impact of fabrication methods on superconducting properties for scalable quantum circuitry.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of Nb-In0.75Ga0.25As-Nb Josephson junctions (JJs) using photolithography (long junctions) and e-beam lithography (short junctions).
- Characterization of coherent quantum transport in the 2DEG as a function of temperature and magnetic field (B).
- Utilizing a 30 nm In0.75Ga0.25As quantum well within an In0.75Al0.25As heterostructure.
Main Results:
- Proximity-induced superconducting properties were observed in the In0.75Ga0.25As 2DEG for both fabrication approaches.
- E-beam lithographically patterned short JJs exhibited induced superconducting gaps at significantly higher temperatures compared to photolithographically fabricated long JJs.
- Reproducible and clean experimental results were obtained, indicating the viability of the material platform.
Conclusions:
- The hybrid 2D Josephson junctions and QICs based on In0.75Ga0.25As quantum wells show promise as a material platform.
- This platform is suitable for realizing complex and scalable electronic and photonic quantum circuitry and devices.
- The findings highlight the potential for advancing quantum computing and information processing technologies.
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