Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

40.5K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
40.5K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

23.2K
23.2K
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

1.9K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.9K
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

49.9K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
49.9K
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

491
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
491
Conduction System of the Heart01:19

Conduction System of the Heart

12.6K
Autorhythmicity is a term that refers to the heart's inherent ability to generate electrical signals and instigate muscle contractions. This self-regulating conduction system within the heart consists of two key components: the pacemaker cells and specialized conducting cells.
The pacemaker cells are located in two primary nodes: the sinoatrial (SA) node and the atrioventricular (AV) node. The SA node pacemaker cells can autonomously depolarize, triggering an action potential that leads to the...
12.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A high-endurance DNA origami snap-through switch for functional nanoscale control.

Science robotics·2026
Same author

Self-folding graphene scaffolds with integrated electronics for cardiac tissue engineering.

Nanoscale·2026
Same author

Dual-Channel Interdigitated Aptamer-Based Sensors for Rapid Small-Molecule Detection in Biofluids.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Charge Injection and Interfiber Electrical Conduction in Cable Bacteria.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Site-Selective Electrodeposition on a Microelectrode Array Chip for Parallel Detection of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Pullulan Coating Preserves High Conductivity in Cable Bacteria Wires.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same journal

Electrospun Liquid Crystal Elastomers as Stress-Free Thermo- and Photoresponsive Actuators.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Tunable Electrical Transport and Magnetic Anisotropy in Textured SrRuO<sub>3</sub> Films Mediated by Gap Control of Monolayer Ca<sub>2</sub>Nb<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10</sub> Nanosheet Templates.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Label-Free Capacitive Immunosensing of Lactate Dehydrogenase and Interleukin-6 Using a Protein-Passivated Graphene Interface.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Improved Carrier Transport and Enhanced Detection Sensitivity Through Zr<sup>4+</sup> Doping in LiYMo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> Single Crystals for X-ray Detectors.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Near-Infrared Light-Driven Microgrooved UCNPs/Azobenzene-LCE Actuators and Substrates for Cardiomyoblast Alignment.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Recent Advances in Superlattice-Based Thermoelectrics.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks
10:49

Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks

Published on: December 9, 2011

37.8K

Fully Printed μ-Needle Electrode Array from Conductive Polymer Ink for Bioelectronic Applications.

Sabine Zips1, Leroy Grob1, Philipp Rinklin1

  • 1Neuroelectronics - Munich School of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Technical University of Munich , Boltzmannstrasse 11 , 85748 Garching , Germany.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel 3D microelectrode arrays (MEAs) with needle-like tips using additive manufacturing. These micro-needles enable improved recording of electrophysiological signals from living cells, demonstrating cell-culture compatibility.

Keywords:
additive manufacturingbioelectronicscarbon nanotubesconductive polymersextracellular recordingmicroelectrode arraysprinted electronics

More Related Videos

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications
07:42

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

Published on: January 22, 2019

11.7K
Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays
08:54

Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays

Published on: October 4, 2019

11.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks
10:49

Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks

Published on: December 9, 2011

37.8K
Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications
07:42

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

Published on: January 22, 2019

11.7K
Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays
08:54

Chronic Implantation of Multiple Flexible Polymer Electrode Arrays

Published on: October 4, 2019

11.3K

Area of Science:

  • Bioelectronics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are crucial for studying electrogenic cells.
  • Developing 3D electrode architectures is key for advanced biosensor designs.
  • Additive manufacturing offers novel fabrication routes for complex MEA structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a facile additive manufacturing process for fabricating MEAs with 3D needle-like electrode tips (μ-needles).
  • To develop a conductive composite ink suitable for aerosol-jet printing of μ-needles.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical properties and cell recording capabilities of the fabricated μ-needle MEAs.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a PEDOT:PSS and multiwalled carbon nanotube composite ink for aerosol-jet printing.
  • Utilized a combined inkjet and aerosol-jet printing process to create μ-needle electrodes on dielectric layers.
  • Assessed electrochemical properties using cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy.
  • Recorded extracellular signals from HL-1 cells.

Main Results:

  • Fabricated μ-needles with dimensions of 10 ± 2 μm diameter and 33 ± 4 μm height.
  • Achieved μ-needle penetration of 12 ± 3 μm into an inkjet-printed dielectric layer.
  • Demonstrated μ-needle capacitance of 242 ± 70 nF and impedance of 128 ± 22 kΩ at 1 kHz.
  • Successfully recorded extracellular signals from HL-1 cells, proving device functionality.

Conclusions:

  • The developed additive manufacturing process enables efficient fabrication of 3D μ-needle MEAs.
  • The μ-needle MEAs exhibit suitable electrochemical properties and stability for biological applications.
  • These novel MEAs are cell-culture compatible and effective for investigating electrophysiological signals from living cells.