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Toward Objective Evaluation of Working Memory in Visualizations: A Case Study Using Pupillometry and a Dual-Task
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
|August 20, 2019
Summary
This study introduces validated methods to measure working memory in information visualization research. Dual-task designs and pupil dilation reveal cognitive load during visualization tasks.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Science
- Information Visualization
- Human-Computer Interaction
Background:
- Established working memory evaluation methods exist in cognitive science.
- Few studies apply these validated methods to information visualization research.
- Lack of cross-domain guidance hinders working memory assessment in visualization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present practical, validated methods for evaluating working memory in visualization tasks.
- To guide researchers in selecting appropriate working memory assessment paradigms.
- To illustrate these methods with a case study using geospatial data.
Main Methods:
- Employed dual-task experimental designs comparing single-task and simultaneous task performance.
- Utilized pupillometry (pupil dilation) as a physiological measure of cognitive load.
- Applied task completion times as a behavioral measure of working memory demands.
Main Results:
- Dual-task designs and pupillometry effectively revealed working memory demands.
- Task difficulty and multitasking significantly increased pupil dilation.
- Behavioral measures (task completion times) also indicated increased cognitive load.
Conclusions:
- A converging methods approach, combining physiological and behavioral measures, is recommended for evaluating visualization effort.
- Validated working memory assessment is crucial for understanding user interaction with visualizations.
- This research provides a framework for more rigorous cognitive load assessment in information visualization.
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