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Global Divergence From World Health Organization Treatment Guidelines for Neonatal and Pediatric Sepsis

Charlotte Jackson1, Yingfen Hsia1, Romain Basmaci2,3

  • 1From the Paediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|August 20, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic prescribing for neonatal and pediatric sepsis shows low adherence to World Health Organization guidelines. Further research is needed to understand reasons for this gap in care.

Area of Science:

  • Global health
  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Neonatal care

Background:

  • Sepsis is a life-threatening condition in neonates and children.
  • Antibiotic treatment is critical for sepsis management.
  • Adherence to established treatment guidelines is essential for optimal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) recommended antibiotic treatments for sepsis in hospitalized neonates and children.
  • To identify the prevalence of WHO-recommended first- and second-line antibiotic therapies used in these populations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from two global point prevalence surveys.
  • Examination of antibiotic prescribing patterns for sepsis in neonates and children.
  • Comparison of prescribed treatments against WHO first- and second-line recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Only 22.5% of neonates and 1.1% of children received WHO-recommended first-line antibiotic treatment for sepsis.
  • A small proportion of remaining patients received second-line treatments: 1.4% of neonates and 13.1% of children.
  • Significant disparities in guideline adherence were observed between neonates and children.

Conclusions:

  • Current antibiotic prescribing for neonatal and pediatric sepsis demonstrates low adherence to WHO guidelines.
  • The low uptake of recommended treatments suggests a need for further investigation into underlying causes.
  • Exploring reasons for non-adherence is crucial for improving sepsis management in vulnerable pediatric populations.

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